Mark Twain - The Later Years | Biographical Documentary

Published 2024-06-22
Mark Twain, had a tough childhood in rural Missouri and had to leave school at the age of 12 after his father died.

His colourful descriptions of a new and evolving nation and the rollicking tales of his travels around the globe are full of his irrepressible humour, but late in life his optimism deserted him when he faced financial ruin and lost his wife and two of his daughters. His writing turned darker, and he developed a strange fascination with teenage girls.

In this biography of one of America’s best loved writers and most beguiling characters, we explore whether Mark Twain, the eternal optimist, became a bitter and twisted old man as some have suggested, or retained the cheery, light-hearted persona that produced the books that have entertained and enchanted millions for over 150 years.

Part One focussed on the first 32 years of life, but this video focusses on his maturity, his marriage to Livy, his years of stability writing his most famous works and his travels as a lecturer and popular celebrity – the good years. But also how things started to go wrong with the tragic loss of three of his four children, his disastrous investments and bankruptcy and how he found the strength to carry on.

Finding Out More
I found Ron Powers biography, Mark Twain – a Life to be detailed and comprehensive without being too academic. There are other biographies that provide different viewpoints on his life and Mark Twain’s autobiography, which is very entertaining, if not entirely reliable! I have listed some of the best of these on my Amazon Store Page. www.amazon.com/shop/professorgraemeyorston

Academic References
Amare, N., & Manning, A. (2017). The Mormon Entombed in Mark Twain’s Heart: Ina Coolbrith and Samuel Clemens. Mark Twain Journal, 55(1/2), 159-192.
Csicsila, J. (2018). The England Trip of 1872: Mark Twain's First Season in Hell. The Mark Twain Annual, 16(1), 1-10.
Gribben, A. (1972). Mark Twain, phrenology and the" temperaments": A study of pseudoscientific influence. American Quarterly, 24(1), 45-68.
Harris, S. K. (1985). Mark Twain's Bad Women. Studies in American Fiction, 13(2), 157-168.
Jones, A. E. (1956). Mark Twain and sexuality. PMLA, 71(4-Part-1), 595-616.
Richers, J. E., & Cicchetti, D. (1993). Mark Twain meets DSM-III-R: Conduct disorder, development, and the concept of harmful dysfunction. Development and Psychopathology, 5(1-2), 5-29.
Selby, P. O. (1980). Osteopathy and Mark Twain. Mark Twain Journal, 20(3), 24-25.


Copyright Disclaimer
The primary purpose of this video is educational. I have tried to use material in the public domain or with Creative Commons Non-attribution licences wherever possible. Where attribution is required, I have listed this below. I believe that any copyright material used falls under the remit of Fair Use, but if any content owners would like to dispute this, I will not hesitate to immediately remove that content. It is not my intention to infringe on content ownership in any way. If you happen to find your art or images in the video, please let me know and I will be glad to credit you.

Images
Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons
Wellcome Collection
Library of Congress
Mark Twain House and Museum, Hartford, Ct.
Internet Archive

Music
Louis Moreau Gottschalk - Le Bananier Public domain
Louis Moreau Gottschalk - Tournament Galop - Rampart Winds of the United States Air Force Academy Band Public domain
Frédéric Chopin - Nocturne op 32 no 1 - Constantin Stephan CC4.0
The Cow Boy Rag – Bobby Heath, Charley O'Donnell The Cowboy Rag
Claude Paul Taffanel - Wind Quintet in G minor -Andante -The Soni Ventorum Wind Quintet CC2.0
Johann Sebastian Bach - Partita For Solo Flute, a minor (BWV 1013). Scott Goff, flute
Debussy Rêverie - Arr for Soprano saxophone and piano - David Hernando Vitores
Mark Gustavson A Fool’s Journey CC3.0
Ludwig van Beethoven - Octet The Soni Ventorum Wind Quintet CC2.0
Growth/Decay Density and Time CC0
City Walk John Pattucci CC0 YouTube
Camille Saint-Saëns: Carnival of the Animals: Neil and Nancy O'Doan, Seattle Youth Symphony, conducted by Vilem Sokol. CC2.0
Gustav Mahler: Mahler Symphony No. 5, Peabody Symphony Orchestra CC0
Felix Mendelssohn: A Midsummer Night's Dream Op. 61 Wedding March: European Archive (Public Domain)
Edward Elgar: Enigma variations - Halle Orchestra - John Barbirolli – rec. 1947 (public domain)
Claude Debussy - Cake Walk from Children's Corner - eldüendesüarez CC4.0
Video produced by Graeme Yorston and Tom Yorston.

All Comments (21)
  • While I've never been able to get into his novels, I've thoroughly enjoyed Twain's travel writings, essays and short stories. A humorist with a tragic life story.
  • @bobtaylor170
    Oh, yes: another fine episode. Please don't stop making these.
  • He sounds like a resilient man, who for all his errors in judgment, never gave up on himself, and seems to have always been open to learning and changing. Definitely someone from history I’d love to meet. Brilliant video!
  • Of all the great writers that are and have been, Mr. Clemens is far and above my favorite. Thank you for this dive into his history ❣️
  • @fj2152
    Thanks for this analysis. I’d add that his “War Prayer” is one of the most powerful anti-war pieces of writing I have encountered.
  • @TuckerSP2011
    Wow, thank you for such a well-balanced profile of the great Mark Twain! You put so much work into these biographies and they are so enjoyable to watch. They spark a renewed interest to learn more about these incredible people and I'm very glad to hear your opinion on some of the modern spins and revisionist histories being written. I would prefer simply to re-read his works before the PC police try to prevent us from reading them at all. I can't imagine how a sensitive person such as he was dealt with all the personal losses in his life. I can imagine that his collection of young girls was an attempt to bring joy, innocence and beauty back to his aching heart rather than anything salacious but I don't think anyone will ever know for sure. He sure loved having adventures and traveling, observing and being celebrated while he was alive. He was also a person who recognized injustices and wanted to change the world. A very rich life if you ask me. Again, thank you for your excellent biographical sketch!
  • My great,great grandmother lived across the street from young Sam. She became Becky Thatcher in Tom Sawyer and they visited each other in Hannibal. She was a witness at Orion wedding. I grew up with Mark Twain,a truly great American original. Thanks for your video.
  • The quote at the end about life and age is so true yet so sobering….
  • @bobtaylor170
    Another interesting aspect of Twain was his railing atheism, which I've always doubted he believed. His anger against God was personal anger, and it's hard to be angry at a non-existent person. Twain was horrified when Livy told him that his atheism had persuaded her. In the last weeks of his life, he was taken care of by members of a local Presbyterian church. He was grateful for this, and told a friend that it wasn't what he didn't understand about the Bible which scared him, it was what he did understand.
  • Always enjoy your biographical videos. Recently I ran across a quote that was something like, "It used to be that the facts would change our opinions. Now we use our opinions to change the facts." It sounded very Twain-ish to me, something he'd say in our new age of "my truth" in place of the truth. I really enjoy your historical medicine videos. The ancient Egyptian medicine videos were fascinating. I wonder if you plan more along the lines of the hisory of science/medicine? Thanks for your work!
  • Ah, here it is, Professor! Thanks. I've been looking forward to it.
  • @mons3020
    Following the Equator is one of my favorite books! You can really see his views come forward, as well as some of his views starting to change from the sights he sees.
  • @calendarpage
    I saw the Twain shorts and wondered why I hadn't heard from you lately. I'm subbed, but I just opted for the notifications. Your material is thought provoking and I often learn something about people I thought I knew.
  • @TheLolapuff
    In his recently published autobiography with many of his letters, he writes about his brothers (imo obvious bi-polar) Orions mental anguish and troubles all his life. It’s the most beautiful, kindest writing of that affliction I’ve ever read. Check it out if you can find it. Also, don’t forget his letters back & forth to Helen Keller . So moving and absolutely brilliant from both. I’d love to hear what you think of them Thanks again. Great series!
  • @brendadrew834
    A major celebrity ( narc? ) of another bygone era who wrote about the 'Gilded Age" which still exists today, in other ways! I think he collected those sweet little girls because of the profound loss of his two daughters and the loss of his beloved wife. I had three daughters and lost one to Covid19 at age 41 after she had been in a coma like state since she was 25, for 16 years so I know to a degree that kind of great loss, something one never gets over! You can move on and find happiness again, but it's always there sitting on your shoulder! One learns to make friends with grief! Thankfully, I'm close with my other two grown daughters and two beautiful granddaughters, the oldest one my late daughter's. Wish I had gotten to his great big beautiful Victorian home in Hartford, but at least one can tour it online on their website, second best thing to being there! May they all rest in peace~💜💜💜💜💜💜
  • @TheClisal
    I've always been a admirer of Mark Twain. I thought I knew something about his life. How wrong I was. This biography is incredibly informative and so well researched. Full of fascinating information about a truly remarkable man. Many thanks to you for this wonderful bio of Mr. Twain. 💙
  • Thank you for all of the aspects of your presentation on Twain, especially your music choices. I've always loved his irreverent writing. Best wishes from an American woman in beautiful France.
  • @jbkstafford
    Loved it, thank you. You make my morning commute from the Mornington Peninsula to Melbourne and absolute pleasure as well as an education.