Which Nerve Agent is the Most Evil?

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Published 2022-10-19
Nerve agents are completely terrifying - in this episode I discuss the different classes of nerve agents, and we determine which ones are the most EVIL.

Exposure to nerve agents is usually treated with atropine and pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM chloride).

Nerve agents inhibit acetylcholinesterase, which is an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of acetylcholine. Some nerve agents covalently bind to the enzyme, and can damage the active site of the enzyme, so the acetylcholine builds up, the signal keeps sending, and the motor neurons keep firing. The G series and V series of nerve agents were mass produced, weaponized agents, while the EA series, A series, and others are not known to be mass produced or weaponized.

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References:
(Graphic) Rabbits exposed to nerve agents -    • US Army Nerve Agent Weapons Experimen...  
Scary book - Jared Ledgard, A Laboratory History of Chemical Warfare Agents - (the link to this book was deactivated; perhaps the uploader had violated the hosting site's TOS - its ISBN-13 number is‎ 978-0615136455)
Methyl cyclosarin treatment patent - patents.google.com/patent/US10124043
Earliest Methyl cyclosarin reference - sci-hub.se/10.1007/BF00354767
Previous Tierlist -    • 'Fukinone' got this tierlist demonetized  
Hydrolysis of VX/EA-2192 - doi.org/10.1289/ehp.99107933
VR 'first Novichok' - cen.acs.org/articles/96/i12/Nerve-agent-attack-on-…
SL-599 (SB-8) paper - pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01846a078
Perfect 10 patent - patents.google.com/patent/US4686293
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Molecules for this tierlist - Tabun (GA), Sarin (GB), Chlorosarin, Thiosarin (GBS), Soman (GD), Cyclosarin (GF), Methyl cyclosarin (EA-1356), VX, EA-2192, Russian VX (VR), Chinese VX, V-sub x, A-230, A-234, A-242, C01-A039, C01-A042, Neostigmine, TMTFA, TL-599 (SB-8), T-1123, T-1152, 4-692-530-01, 4-686-293-01 (Agent 1-10), 4-686-293-02 (Agent 1-8)

Tierlist Playlist -    • Chemistry Tierlists  

All Comments (21)
  • @That_Chemist
    Nerve agents inhibit acetylcholinesterase, which is an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of acetylcholine. Some nerve agents covalently bind to the enzyme, and can damage the active site of the enzyme, so the acetylcholine builds up, the signal keeps sending, and the motor neurons keep firing. The G series and V series of nerve agents were mass produced, weaponized agents, while the EA series, A series, and others are not known to be mass produced or weaponized. Exposure to nerve agents is usually treated with atropine and pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM chloride).
  • @garywray7998
    I knew I’d be traumatized when I saw that Sarin was only in D tier
  • @ajm5007
    Not nearly as extreme as the nerve agent testing, but in the late 90s, I was in the Marine Corps and "volunteered" for a sleep deprivation experiment. A substantial number of minor injuries occurred, and those who made it to the end were largely experiencing delusions, mood disorders, and outright hallucinations. Some (like me) recovered relatively quickly after returning to normal sleep patterns, but some needed months of therapy to resolve sleep and mood disorders they'd developed (and probably still have lingering symptoms). It was a nightmare. But you got paid a lot more AND you got as long as you needed to recover afterward.
  • @patches.742
    Hearing that one of these compounds is lethal at the femto molar level left me mouth agape and sent shivers down my spine, absolutely insane
  • You're not a real chemist if your home products aren't even on this leaderboard
  • @Kitty12476
    The really scary part about this is that these are ALL incredibly simple molecules. Im an organic chemistry student on my third year of Ochem and I'm trained to look at molecular structures and imagine the potential synthesis pathways. The first thing that came to mind when I saw these was that I could synthesize these compounds with relative ease and using common precursors, which is really really really scary. 😭 As we push for a more educated societal standard, i wonder how many horrible people in the future will come up with the bright idea to utilize chemical weaponry
  • @mattm1646
    I still remember our NAAK (nerve agent antidote kit)training in Army BCT. It honestly was the most terrfying part, not because it was dangerous at all but just learning about Nerve agents and how quickly they could get ya with very little warning. We had to memorize all the symptoms. Sudden headache Unexplained runny nose Burning eyes Etc.
  • @Shniedelwoodz
    This tierlist could have used extra tiers above S, like "wtf?!", "oh god no" and "why would you even?!"
  • @Nitroaereus
    There really is a tierlist for everything on YouTube.
  • @random.3665
    leaving the horror of all of these aside, i am super impressed that you can tell that something is necessarly toxic just buy looking at the (stylized) molecule. That is not only insanely impressive, but also really shows how much it pays off to actually understand one's own craft, not just get familiar with steps.
  • @windfall8058
    For anyone who doesn't wanna see the video of what happens when someone is exposed to a nerve agent, but are still curious, look at a wasp getting sprayed by raid. The spray holds the sodium channels open and essentially makes them have a seizure until they die.
  • @DP-qe2xo
    Thanks for the tierlist, was struggling to pick one until now 👍
  • I was a nuclear, biological and chemical specialist in the army. Learning about his when I was 18 scared the hell out of me
  • @borb1921
    I’ve never heard about the Edgewood Arsenal human experiments before either, would be interested to see a video on it. We shouldn’t forget the atrocities in our past.
  • @DiamondEyes84
    Fun fact about Aberdeen/ Edgewood area. If you get stationed there for more than 3 yrs, you MUST sign a waiver stating you have been made aware that there are VERY high levels of cancer in the area. Oh, and in the mornings we would go on company runs up to the gate to edgewood. On the gate, they had a sign that they are authorized to use deadly force without warning if you cross said gate
  • @zchen27
    I remember in high school our chemistry teacher told us that our final assignment in class is to research any paper that is chemistry-related and present it to the class. Me, being the meme/edge-lord all high schoolers tend to be, did an entire presentation on the effects and countermeasures to agent VX with model testing on mice, as described in some Czech research paper. To maximize meme potential, my entire Powerpoint was in Comic Sans.
  • The moment you sent Sarin to D tier I knew this was gonna be a spicy video. The classified, human tested, chemical warfare agents of the United States? Well of course we want to know more about that
  • @Mt-zr5bf
    As a Former decontamination sergeant, i can confirm that VX is hellish. One of the big Problems is His very gooey consistance, which make it difficult to decontaminate. In the cbrn Branche, there is the Term "VX problematic"