DIY Supermaterial Could Save You From Heatstroke: Salt based PCMs

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Published 2024-06-21
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The most useful resource I found while investigating phase change materials was the following paper which explores several different types of low temp salt based PCMs: www.researchgate.net/publication/316893824_Prepara…

The key to reducing the melting point of a PCM is to make what is called a eutectic mixture ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutectic_system ). In this case that is a mixture of two different hydrated salts. When the two come together the freezing point of both is lowered to a temperature which depends on the particular salts used and the ratio between them. Sodium sulfate and table salt (sodium chloride)

Here is my Amazon storefront containing affiliate links for some of the items used in this project: www.amazon.com/shop/nighthawkinlight

Below are ebay affiliate links (I will receive a small commission if you make purchases through affiliate links):

Sodium sulfate: ebay.us/4JoC8V
Calcium chloride: ebay.us/kcniPG
Ice pack cooling vest: ebay.us/WZqhHo
Sodium acetate hot packs: ebay.us/pLjYz8
Reusable silicone bags: ebay.us/o4lnvk

Referenced videos:
Radiative Sky Cooling Playlist:    • Radiative Sky Cooling Series  
Reinventing Starlite:    • History of a Lost Supermaterial & How...  
Solar balloons:    • Solar Powered Flying Noodles  -  The ...  
Wax fabric:    • A Better Way to Waterproof Fabric  
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All Comments (21)
  • I've put some additional info and useful links in the video description. Do you have more ideas for how these PCMs could be used? I'd love to hear about it in a comment! I've been asked to provide measurements by weight for the 18°C PCM: 400g anhydrous Na2SO4, 80g NaCl, 1.2 L water, 15g xanthan gum or CMC. More water may be gradually added to the simmering mixture to dissolve excess salt, but do not add so much that all salt disappears. If you'd like to support these projects directly you can do so through Patreon: www.patreon.com/NightHawkProjects Thanks for watching! -Ben
  • Ben is the only DIY youtuber out here doing projects that are accessible to average makers, but based on cutting edge research, with obvious practical application, and with a clearly documented process. He's not just a science communicator, he's a genuine innovator.
  • This, fireproof paint, radiative cooling. Ben just looked at heat and said "Oh I think not. To the garage!"
  • @bentuttle9170
    Phase change materials are already saving lives! Portable coolers designed for keeping blood at a very narrow temperature range while in the field for days at a time use PCMs. The temperature range is so accurate that some ambulance services that are now carrying blood keep their whole blood and/or blood products in the portable containers continually, simply swapping out the PCM panels on a regular schedule of in-use, cooling, and conditioning.
  • @GPN007a
    For every 10,000 or so ai clickbait/celeb gossip/flat-earth level stupidity videos on this platform, there's one or two actually educational and very helpful videos like this and I appreciate these so much.
  • This is absolutely amazing. I hadn't thought of how much cooling you could get from a thing that's stuck at 18 degrees.
  • @robstorms
    It is worth noting that in 1948 Maria Telkes built a solar heated house named Dover Sun House which used large tanks of sodium sulphate phase change material ( Glauber's Salts) to store daytime solar energy for night time heat. The heat storage tanks were of her own design, and she has been experimenting with Glauber's salts for many years.
  • You are one of the few channels on Youtube that seems to be working on ideas and inventions that can improve the human experience and make people's lives better. You are a true asset to the community.
  • @MecchaKakkoi
    This is great! Recipe points in the video: 6:10 Recipe for 65f (18c) salt PCM 21:40 Recipe for 85f (29c) salt PCM
  • @SkyfighterZX
    A pillow that stays cold, now that's something i would like
  • @luke_fabis
    DIY radiative paint and now DIY PCMs. This channel is going solarpunk and I'm all for it.
  • @billyandrew
    This guy never fails to raise the bar, rendering the seemingly complicated into simple to understand terms and instructions. I first encountered his channel a few years ago, looking for ways to make salt water drinkable. It's my go-to channel that allows me to get a grasp on many subjects that would otherwise be beyond my understanding. Long may he continue to educate the likes of me! 👏👏👏👍
  • @bmanpura
    3 things stood out about the property of this thing that may be good for household application. 1. Not really free but absolutely cheap if you have the equipment and access to the ingredients. 2. You won't get frostbite handling a lot of this. Which is useful.. for a lot of stuff. 3. It's all food-grade. May, or may not cause condensation which is pretty nice for.. a computer. My laptop went above 70 every time I do game, and I've been using ice in tin boxes for spot cooling. If I can shape this into a satisfying cooler, me and my fridge may grow a bit closer. I'm from Indonesia, I'll try making this. If I get different result, I'll post a comment again. Thank you for this extremely interesting project.
  • @rickarddt
    I'm a mechanical engineer, thermodynamics were one of my degree subjects. I specialise in refrigeration, testing, redesign, retesting and submitting to the regulator for approval, in a nutshell those stars you see on the appliance when you buy it, that's me. Usually people want to go from A to B, make things freeze at lower temps, the literature on this isn't accesable to the everyday reader, I've had a play with eutectics and lowered the freezing point, to where I want, in order to make those bricks you buy in the store. Who goes from B to A and raises the freezing point? Latent heat of phase change is brilliant. Man I'm enjoying this. Thank you for bringing this to the general public. Twice the latent heat of phase change? Brilliant work my friend.
  • @argentpuck
    I accidentally have found myself working as a materials scientist despite lacking any related background. Stumbling across your channel, I have found my new hero. This is amazing stuff.
  • I have no idea who you are, but you're my new hero. Once in a while YT recommendations are a real win.
  • As a firefighter and paramedic in Texas I wish we had something like this under our fire gear to keep us cooler during fire operations. Our gear is incredibly hot even outside of a fire and heat exhaustion is a regular occurrence for fire fighters all over the world. It’s like wearing a heavy winter jacket over a raincoat over another heavy jacket. Then do the same for pants throw on a ski mask, a 40 pound backpack, gloves and breathe through a straw. Now do that when it’s 100+ degrees and high humidity and do hard physical labor. We train to be able to do that for a time, the issue is when you can’t cool off because it’s so hot and humid outside.I could see these being used in rehab stations to recycle FF before going back into the fire building. We do use pcm packs to keep medications cool in apparatus without on board refrigerators.
  • Thermodynamics: exists NightHawk: And I took that personally
  • @meetv7700
    This man is single handedly trying to help the world.
  • I can't get over how good this channel is. Practical knowledge simply explained and easily achieveable and affordable for an average person. Just incredible.