Turtle Tanks, "Cope Cages" & Modified Vehicles in Ukraine - Purpose, Evolution & Effectiveness

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Published 2024-05-12
When you fight a war against a backdrop of shortages, emerging threats and Slavic ingenuity, perhaps it's not surprising that you end up with a bunch of systems being used that aren't exactly factory standard.

One of the first images of the Russian invasion were tanks equipped with add-on overhead cages, but in 2024 the most extreme examples of anti-drone protection now include vehicles with entire structures built over them to provide near all round protection.

In this episode, I look at vehicle modification in Ukraine, examine some of the main classes of modification and ad-hoc vehicles we've seen and ask why they exist, and what sort of military value they might have.

Patreon:www.patreon.com/PerunAU

Relevant Reading/sourcing (incomplete due to late release):

CBO - Technical Challenges of the U.S. Army’s Ground Combat Vehicle Program
apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA591460.pdf

Special thanks to the Armourer's bench for their work tracking individual turtle tanks in Ukraine
   / @thearmourersbench  

Likewise thanks to Chris at Task and Purpose for discussing modifications for vehicles in the US Army
youtube.com/ @Taskandpurpose

Julien Potin - Finabel - Understanding Cope Cages: From Origins to Standardisation
finabel.org/understanding-cope-cages-from-origins-….

As a throwback - RUSI comment on cages in 2022
www.rusi.org/news-and-comment/in-the-news/russian-…

Attribution of Ukrainian MT-LB 100mm modifications to a unit level effort
www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2022/08/13/7363131/

Russia showing off drone cage options at Army 2023
www.twz.com/cope-cages-go-mainstream-at-russias-ar…

Reporting on various modified or ad-hoc vehicles
www.kyivpost.com/analysis/22054

en.topwar.ru/212469-specoperacija-porozhdaet-monst…

www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/3/14/nato-allies-must-…

www.forbes.com/sites/davidaxe/2023/12/10/congratul…

www.businessinsider.com/video-shows-russia-tank-to…

www.forbes.com/sites/davidaxe/2023/09/04/the-russi…

www.economist.com/science-and-technology/russian-t…

www.rferl.org/a/makeshift-armor-ukraine-war-invasi…

Israeli tanks with cope cages
www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2023/10/16/israel-t…

www.popularmechanics.com/military/weapons/a4556178…

www.twz.com/israeli-merkava-tanks-get-improved-ant…

Kazakh army showing off a tank with a cope cage
   • #QazaqArmyNews с 11 по 17 марта 2024 ...  

The image of the Libyan Humvee
taskandpurpose.com/news/libya-technical-humvee-90m…

Drone hunting teams:
www.economist.com/1843/2024/01/15/on-patrol-with-t…

Drone cages around buildings:
www.reuters.com/world/europe/russias-bashneft-prot…

ERA meme
www.reddit.com/r/Military/comments/12aqfwi/ukraini…

Caveats & Comments:

All normal caveats and comments apply. In particular – I would like to note as always that this material has been created for entertainment purposes and is not intended to be a complete or comprehensive examination of the topic in question and should not be relied upon to inform financial or other similar decisions.

Timestamps:

00:00:00 — Opening Words
00:00:50 — What Am I Talking About?
00:01:25 — Modifications & Motives
00:16:48 — Protection
00:19:21 — Spaced Armour & Cope Cages
00:33:06 — Other Adopters?
00:40:51 — Extreme Evolutions
00:48:14 — Protection - Reactive Armour
00:54:46 — Protection - Improvised
01:01:45 — Channel Update

All Comments (21)
  • @PerunAU
    A few addenda here with a late pinned comment. Since this video was produced there has been even more footage of turtle tanks / assault sheds come out, so I doubt we've seen the last of them.

    I've also started breaking down the 2024 imagery for tanks and IFVs more closely (despite the risks of smaller sample sizes) and my rough read is that Russian usage rates are higher now than before, but I'll provide an update once I can say that with more confidence.

    Finally, I have some updates I might be able to give on the IDF usage of these kinds of add-ons, but didn't want to distract the video. I'll look for a chance to speak to those in future.
  • @ZeAshTonz
    Born too late for the golden age of tanks. Born too early for the age of mechs and lasers. Born just in time for the golden age of assault sheds, cope cages, and mobile battle houses.
  • @Helga-of-Skadi
    "Organic Carbon Plating" is the best way to describe attaching wood to a vehicle for protection.
  • "and it doesnt take a particularly high IQ drone operator to get suspicious when they start seeing a bunch of bushes doing 20 kmh down a road" 🤣

    Great deadpan delivery
  • @Taskandpurpose
    thanks for the shout out Perun, great rundown as always. Learned a ton in this one. It's true, we ghetto rigged our Strykers. They looked like something out of "pimp my ride" by the end of the tour with all kinds of bullet resistant glass and sniper nets welded onto the top. the modifcations we're seeing in Ukraine look like they're putting that to shame though
  • @richdobbs6595
    "Emotional Support Armor". Perun certainly has a way with words!
  • @MM22966
    16:00 "Why can't we just stick it on the back of a truck...?"
    And a million BAE, LockMart, and General Dynamics contractors cried out in horror.
  • @Lizardo451
    The "Technical" originated from NGOs working in Africa where they didn't have a budget line item for Mad Max Military vehicles, so the costs were listed under the "technical" column.
  • @icarusfan3343
    On the sandbags, some tank commanders reported that they were aware that it wasn't a lot of protection, but the sandbags did muffle the sound of small arms pinging against the hull, letting the crew maintain better communication with each other and helping to steady the nerves of the tank crew.
  • @alexst845
    Take a shot every time Perun says “All else being equal” challenge
  • You overlook the point of turtle tanks/assault sheds. If 95% of armor is destroyed while away from their bunker, then it can be assumed that bringing the bunker with you decreases your chances being hit drops.

    Gamer Logic.
  • @Sparkle-Father
    I met an Iraq War 3 vet many years ago in college. His squad only had a HUMVEE. He told me about how their welder was the 3nd most important peice of equipment they had. They used it to weld on extra armor and do ad-hoc modifications. The 2nd and 3rd most important had to be the window air conditioner they bought at a market, and a generator to power the thing. They would seal up a room in a house to get some relief from the heat.
  • @eddiethatch5060
    “All the way to stuff that looks like it was welded together on a workbench 200 years after the apocalypse”😂😂
  • @DISCOPORCH
    I actually laughed out loud when I saw the ERA in front of the windshield of the truck😂, can’t make this stuff up.
  • @Distantshoreman
    My understanding of the term "technical" came at the start of the conflict in Somalia in 93ish. Journalists reporting on the crisis were not allowed to expense body guards or other protection supports. There solution was to hire guys with anti aircraft guns on their toyota and refer to them as Technical Advisors when submitting their expenses. Since shortened to just technical.
  • @anderson3510
    I was never a tank driver. My military service was in the electronic warfare community so I’ve never had the stress and anxiety of constantly worrying about something fast, pointy, and explosive entering my office. That said it’s wild to me how being in a giant armored vehicle makes the crew anxious but then zip-tying a fucking patio onto the top of that alleviates that anxiety.
  • @EEWombat
    "Applique carbon armour"

    *chef's kiss
  • @Warui88
    "Cope cages" sounds like something a fulfilment worker at Amazon would have to deal with.
  • @Calbeck
    Ultimately, everything comes back around to the genius of Bob Semple. -:)